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Tookoonooka crater
Durham Downs QLD 4480
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The Tookoonooka crater in south central Queensland is about 55km in diameter. It was discovered in the early 1980s when petroleum exploration revealed an anomalous circular structure. Tookoonooka has a central uplift dome that is 22km in diameter.
Impact melt breccias have been found about 25km southeast of the central uplift structure, and have also been found filling the annular structure around the central uplift. The clasts consist of impact breccia fragments, as
well as devitrified impact melt glass. Breccia samples have also been found during drilling into the central uplift dome; these breccias have a devitrified glassy matrix, with angular clasts.
Tookoonooka has been dated to around 128 MYA, based on studies of local pollen sequences. At this time a large inland sea covered much of Queensland, suggesting this impact landed somewhere off-shore. No dinosaur remains are known from Queensland from around this time, so the effect of the impact on local species is uncertain. Most Queensland species date to 110 MYA or later, with the sauropod Rhoetosaurus living 40-50 million years before the impact. It may have had more of an effect on marine species, however most Queensland marine reptiles are also only known from 110 MYA or later. Without a good sample of species from immediately before the impact, it is impossible to say whether the Tookoonooka impact caused an extinction event. Extinction event or not, an impact of this size would still have done a lot of damage to the local area.